In 1958, China achieved a breakthrough by developing the nation’s first silicon single crystal. This marked the beginning of a journey that would eventually lead to significant advancements in solar technology. Fast forward to 1968-1969, a semiconductor company took on the challenge of creating silicon solar panels for the "Practice No. 1 Satellite." During their research, scientists discovered that P+/N silicon monolithic solar cells could degrade due to electron radiation in space, limiting their operational lifespan. Consequently, in 1969, the semiconductor institute halted the development of these cells.
However, progress didn’t stop there. Tianjin 18 stepped in and successfully developed solar cell arrays for the Dongfanghong 2, 3, and 4 series geosynchronous orbit satellites. By 1975, solar cell factories were established in Ningbo and Kaifeng, using processes inspired by early space battery production methods. This marked the transition of solar cell applications from space exploration to terrestrial use.
The year 1998 was pivotal for China's solar energy industry. The government announced plans for a 3MW polysilicon battery and application system demonstration project, igniting hope for renewable energy. Miao Liansheng, the current chairman of Tianwei Yingli New Energy Co., Ltd., recognized this as an opportunity. Despite initial skepticism about the industry's future and challenges posed by policy changes, Miao Liansheng courageously took the lead, securing approval for the project and becoming a pioneer in China’s solar sector.
In 2001, Wuxi Suntech established a 10MWp solar cell production line. When it went into full operation in September 2002, it effectively doubled the total solar cell production of China in the preceding four years, narrowing the global photovoltaic gap by 15 years.
From 2003 to 2005, European markets, particularly Germany, spurred demand, leading Suntech and Baoding Yingli to expand rapidly. Other companies followed suit, propelling China’s solar cell production to unprecedented levels.
In 2004, China Silicon High-tech Co., Ltd., a joint venture between Luoyang Monocrystalline Silicon Factory and China Nonferrous Metals Design Institute, developed 12 pairs of energy-efficient polysilicon reduction furnaces. This achievement paved the way for China’s polysilicon industry, culminating in the completion of the nation’s first 300-ton polysilicon production facility in 2005.
By 2007, China had become the world leader in solar cell production, with output surging from 400MW in 2006 to 1088MW. In 2008, China’s production hit 2,600MW, and by 2009, it soared to 4,000MW. Globally, the solar cell industry also grew significantly, with annual outputs reaching 2,500MW in 2006, 4,450MW in 2007, 7,900MW in 2008, and 10,700MW in 2009.
Today, China remains at the forefront of solar energy innovation, contributing to cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions worldwide.
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