Pigs require careful feeding management depending on their reproductive stage. During the non-breeding period, each pig should be fed 2.5 kg of feed per day, while during the breeding period, the amount increases to 3 kg daily. This ensures optimal health and productivity.
For sows, a structured feeding program is essential. When pigs reach 30 kg in weight, feeding should begin to be restricted. Initially, they should receive 1.2 kg of feed per day, which is gradually reduced to 1 kg. Every week, 0.2 kg of feed is added until they reach 60 kg. At that point, the daily feed is limited to 2 kg until breeding begins.
About 14 days before breeding, the feed amount should be increased to 3 kg per day using the "passion method," which helps stimulate fertility and can lead to an average of 10 piglets per litter.
After mating, it's important to continue feeding the sows and add antibiotics for one week to prevent infections. From the first week after mating until day 84 of pregnancy, the diet should be switched to a pregnant sow feed, with 1.8–2.0 kg provided daily. Overfeeding must be avoided to prevent obesity, which can cause embryo loss or difficult labor.
Once the sow reaches day 84 of pregnancy, the feed should be changed to lactating sow feed, with 3 kg given daily. The day before farrowing, feed should be reduced, and only water should be provided on the actual day of birth.
After giving birth, the amount of feed should be adjusted based on the number of piglets being nursed. Sows nursing fewer than 6 piglets should receive 3.5 kg per day, while those nursing 7 piglets get 4 kg. For sows nursing 8, 9, or more than 10 piglets, the amounts increase to 4.5 kg, 5 kg, and 5.5 kg respectively.
After weaning, sows should be fed 3 kg of feed per day. Most sows will be bred within 7 days of weaning. If they become pregnant, their feed should be reduced to 1.8–2.0 kg per day as they transition into the gestation phase.
This feeding strategy supports the health of both the sow and her litter, ensuring better growth rates and higher survival rates for piglets. Proper nutrition at each stage is key to successful pig farming.
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