Since October of this year, many residents living in the Lakeview community have found a bright half-person tall box at the door of their own community. In fact, these yellow large boxes are waste energy-saving light recycling boxes designed and installed by the Foshan Lighting Association. These boxes have been stationed in the first 12 demonstration communities, and a total of 25 waste energy-saving recycling bins have been set up.
In recent years, energy-saving lamps have gradually replaced traditional incandescent lamps with their high lifespan and low energy consumption. However, the pollution of the highly toxic chemical substance mercury (commonly known as mercury) in waste energy-saving lamps is rarely known.
“Each energy-saving lamp generally contains about 5 mg of mercury, and 1 mg of mercury infiltrates into the ground, causing pollution of about 360 tons of water. Foshan’s annual energy-saving lamps are about 4 million, and environmental pollution can be imagined. Know.†The speech of Zhang Hua, secretary-general of Foshan Lighting Association, reflects the reality that Foshan’s current pollution control of waste energy-saving lamps is almost vacuum, and it is imperative to systematically recycle waste energy-saving lamps through the distribution channels.
However, the cost of recycling, transportation and treatment of an energy-saving lamp exceeds 3 yuan. Spreading channels to collect and dispose of waste energy-saving lamps has become another problem to be solved in Foshan environmental protection.
Waste lamps are harmful to human health
At present, there are 25 waste energy-saving lamp recycling bins in 12 communities including Tangyuan Community, Garden Community and Hujing Community. These recycling bins are yellow in color, and the words of discarded energy-saving lamp recycling bins are indicated on the box. Contamination, please be careful."
Time has returned to 2008, the country launched the "green lighting" project, large-scale users of urban and rural residents and enterprises and institutions to buy and use the energy-saving lamps of the winning enterprises can obtain financial subsidies ranging from 30% to 50%. In this context, the promotion of energy-saving lamps throughout China is very rapid. In 2009 alone, there were 2.05 million quotas for efficient lighting products in Foshan.
It is reported that the service life of general energy-saving lamps is 3000 to 5000 hours. According to the frequency of users, an energy-saving lamp can generally be used for 3 to 4 years. Nowadays, energy-saving lamps used by many citizens' families have reached the stage of intensive scrapping.
At present, the public's disposal of energy-saving lamps is generally thrown into the trash cans at random. The public knows little about the environmental hazards of energy-saving lamps. In fact, if waste energy-saving lamps are thrown into the trash can at will, the mercury vapor generated after crushing and incineration will enter the atmosphere and then settle into the soil or river and be converted into organic mercury compounds (such as methylmercury). Methylmercury can be absorbed by the body through the respiratory system, digestive system, and even through the skin, and accumulate in the liver, kidney, brain and other organs of the human body, leading to chronic poisoning.
"The content of blood mercury in human body can't exceed 1.15 mg, and the body can inhale 2.5 grams of tributary steam to kill." Zhang Hua said that humans will be indirectly contaminated with mercury. Because mercury pollutes the environment, mercury will be absorbed by other animals and plants. , accumulate in the body and eventually enter the body through the food chain.
He introduced that there are nearly 2 million households in Foshan City. According to each household's annual replacement of 1-2 energy-saving lamps, there are 2 million to 4 million energy-saving lamps discarded each year. The energy consumption of each energy-saving lamp is generally 5 About a milligram, and 1 milligram of mercury infiltrates into the ground, causing pollution of about 360 tons of water.
According to industry insiders, if the promotion of energy-saving lamps in China is less supported by recycling, it will not be able to form a sustainable virtuous circle of industrial and urban development, and the health of the people will not be guaranteed. "The member companies of our association are all enterprises of lighting fixtures. It is very clear that the dangers of discarded energy-saving lamps are discarded at will. It is only a small step for us to take the recycling channels with 12 communities as pilots. I hope that the whole society will pay attention to energy conservation. Light recycling work, so that more discarded energy-saving lamps can be recycled." Zhang Hua said.
Collecting difficult-to-dispose energy-saving lamps
On December 3rd, Foshan City Lighting Association staff members Awen and Affin left the office at 8:30 in the morning, starting from the Lakeview community and going through 12 communities to recycle discarded energy-saving lamps discarded by the public.
In front of the yellow waste energy-saving lamp recycling bin at the entrance of Hengfu Lake Jingwan Community, they put on rubber gloves, opened the lid of the yellow recycling bin, and carefully removed a long lamp and discarded energy-saving light bulb from the box. This is the first time that the Foshan Lighting Association has recycled lamps since the installation of the energy-saving lamp recycling bins in October. For the two staff responsible for recycling, the recycling work must last for two days. They must travel through the communities in Chancheng, collect the discarded bulbs, and send them to Foshan Electrical and Lighting Co., Ltd. for processing.
“Foshan Lighting has a machine imported from Sweden. It was originally designed to handle the waste lamps of their company. Now our association cooperates with this company. We are responsible for collecting waste energy-saving lamps into the community. They help waste utilization.†Awen told reporter.
“After the energy-saving light bulb is recycled, it will be processed by a professional separator to separate the phosphor and mercury in the bulb and, together with other raw materials, to make a new energy-saving bulb.†Zhang Hua said that this machine is in Guangdong. There are only two sets, Foshan Lighting can use 100% of the waste energy-saving light bulbs and turn them into treasure. “This machine is not fully fed at present, and it is perfectly fine if it is used to dispose of the energy-saving lamps in the Foshan area.â€
“There is no obstacle in the disposal technology of waste energy-saving lamps, but it is difficult to lay the channels.†Zhang Hua said that foreign recycling channels and national recycling awareness are very good. At present, many cities in China are also trying to abandon energy conservation. The lights are recycled, but the results are not satisfactory.
High cost and disposal of waste energy-saving lamps requires a lot of capital and manpower support
At present, the users of energy-saving lamps are scattered, the lamps are fragile, and the collection points are small, which makes it difficult to carry out large-scale processing. The laying of more waste energy-saving lamp recycling outlets requires a lot of capital and manpower support.
“The cost of recycling, transportation and treatment of an energy-saving lamp is generally more than 3 yuan, which is much higher than the value of the resources obtained.†Zhang Hua said that they hope to carry out this recycling work for a long time and promote it in a large area, but deal with it. The cost problem cannot be avoided.
At present, the first batch of waste energy-saving lamp recycling pilots have been launched. The Foshan Lighting and Lighting Association has spent hundreds of thousands of expenses. The association will continue to promote the recycling of waste energy-saving lamps through continuous activities.
“The amount of abandoned energy-saving lamps in the city is large and must be broken. The villagers in the village once discard the energy-saving lamps everywhere. Because there are no road hardening in many places in the country, this will directly pollute the water and soil.†He said that the recycling of the outlets The more the better, the village must be covered as soon as possible. "To solve the problem of recycling is to maximize the use of resources. Our association is doing this now, but after all, it is a weak force. This will be a protracted war, and it needs the attention of the government, enterprises and citizens. â€
Stone of other mountains: How to deal with waste energy-saving lamps abroad?
Since the waste of energy-saving lamps contains a lot of harm to the environment, foreign countries pay great attention to the recycling of energy-saving lamps, and the recycling of used lamps is relatively complete. According to statistics, the recycling rate of waste energy-saving lamps in Japan, Europe, and Taiwan is over 80%.
The US Environmental Protection Law stipulates that the original owner of waste should be responsible for his waste forever, so that the treatment of high-intensity discharge lamps is also on the agenda. The American Pioneer Company has established a recycling treatment plant for waste high-intensity discharge lamps to treat waste high-intensity discharge lamps for consumers at the expense of new lamps.
In addition, seven states in the United States prohibit the use of energy-saving lamps directly in conventional garbage bags. In other states in the United States, there are specific times during the year to dispose of used energy-saving lamps.
Japan is the country that has done the best in the recycling of energy-saving lamps. In Hokkaido, there are agencies specializing in waste batteries and waste energy-saving lamps. 93% of the collection methods are collected by private environmental organizations, and 7% are collected by various manufacturers.
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