The sand blasting machine is an essential tool used in the cleaning of castings, playing a crucial role in achieving high-quality surface finishes. Its main components include pressure regulators, solenoid valves, filters, pressure gauges, nozzles, and sand pipes. However, due to its critical function, it is also one of the most common sources of operational issues. The effectiveness of the sand blasting process directly affects the polishing quality of the castings. Below are some of the most frequently encountered problems, along with their causes and solutions.
**Maintenance Tips for Sand Blasting Machines:**
- Regularly drain water from the filter and compressor to ensure smooth operation.
- Always add dry sand to prevent moisture-related issues.
- Avoid placing heavy parts (over 10 tons) into the machine; long or oversized items should not be blasted.
- Clean the sand pit and storage chamber every three months to maintain efficiency.
- Ensure the exhaust fan and spray water system are always on during operation.
- Only authorized personnel should use the machine.
- Assign a responsible person for daily maintenance and monitoring.
- Keep the equipment clean and free from debris.
- Maintain air pressure below 0.5 MPa during blasting and always drain the pipeline before starting.
- After use, turn off the motor, compressed air, and lights.
- If mechanical issues occur, stop the machine immediately and contact maintenance staff.
**Additional Notes:**
- When the machine fails to spray sand, the pressure must be above 0.7 MPa. Low pressure reduces impact force, leading to poor results. Nozzle wear also affects performance—replace when the diameter exceeds 4.5 mm.
- The ideal abrasive size is 60–80 mesh. Too fine particles reduce blasting efficiency.
- Foreign objects in the nozzle can cause blockages. Regularly screen and clean corundum to prevent contamination.
- Excess dust in the hopper may lead to clumping, which can block the sand intake.
Maintaining your sand blasting machine ensures consistent performance and extends its lifespan. Proper care and timely troubleshooting can prevent costly downtime and improve overall productivity.
Common Faults in Sand Blasting Machines |
Cause Analysis |
Solutions |
1. No compressed air or abrasive material |
Compressed air not turned on |
Turn on the air supply |
Pressure regulator set too low |
Adjust pressure to at least 0.5MPa |
|
Foot switch damaged or misadjusted |
Adjust or replace the foot switch |
|
Nozzle or abrasive valve clogged |
Clear nozzle or abrasive valve, or reload sand |
|
Safety air line cut off |
Check and repair the safety air valve |
|
Main pressure regulator malfunctioning |
Inspect and repair the main pressure regulator |
|
Control pressure regulator faulty |
Check and replace the control valve |
|
2. Abrasive enters the vacuum bag |
New vacuum bag has large gaps |
Use after 8 hours of operation and clean regularly |
Abrasive is too fine |
Use coarser sand for better performance |
|
3. Abrasive leaks from the sand blasting machine |
Vacuum bag has holes or is not properly sealed |
Replace the vacuum bag and reseal it properly |
4. Poor visibility during sandblasting |
Vacuum bag is clogged |
Tap the vacuum bag to clear blockage |
Vacuum bag is aged and blocked |
Replace the vacuum bag with a new one |
|
Excessive dust in the sand |
Change the sand to a cleaner type |
|
Return pipe is blocked |
Reinstall the sand tube and check for blockages |
|
Compressed air pressure is too high |
Reduce pressure to the recommended level |
|
5. Poor blasting effect |
Insufficient compressed air pressure |
Increase the pressure to optimal levels |
Nozzles are too small |
Replace with larger nozzles |
|
Abrasive is worn out or overused |
Empty old sand and add fresh, dry abrasive |
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